Sanding apparatus



p 13,- 1932- A. T. cowAN SANDING APPARATUS Filed Oct. 6, 1931 3Sheets-Sheet 1 [n Mentor.- xfng rew .7 C0 wan,

by I ///'s A zror'ney.

Sept. 13, 1932. T, CQWAN 1,877,475

SANDING APPARATUS Filed Oct. 6, 1951 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 fnvernior': Anaraw Z Cbwan,

Sept. 13, 1932. c w 1,877,475

SANDING APPARATUS Filed Oct. 6, 1951 s Sheets-Sheet 3 /m/en6or: firm raw7. Cool/an,

M5 ,wa-m y Patented Sept. 13, 1932 ANDREW T. COW'AN, F RENSSELAER, NEWYORK N6} AIEFARATUS Application filed October 6, 1931.

My invention relates to road sanding apparatus and more (in particularto sanding apparatus especially adapted for use in connection withvehicles, such as trucks, automobiles and the like, to prevent theirskidding on slippery or icy roads.

It is an object of my invention to provide receptacles suitably locatedon the vehicle to serve as containers from which sand may be led topoints near the wheels of the vehicle where suit-able valves are locatedto control the outflow of sand and to provide means for maintaining thesand warm and dry. It

is also an object to provide other features as will more fully appearherein.

For the purposes of this specification I have prepared drawings as apart thereof, in which I have shown specific devices embody ing thefeatures of my invention. It will be understood, however, that I do notwish to be limited to the specific forms shown, inasmuch as the featuresof the invention pointed out by the claims herein may be embodied inother forms.

Referring to the drawings:

Fig. 1 shows, in side view, the rear portion of a vehicle, partly insection.

Fig. 2 is a rear view oi the same vehicle, partly in section showing theform of ap paratus of Fig. land showing the two rearmost sandcontainers, one on each side.

Fig. 3 is a rear view, partly in section showing another forni'of theapparatus of the invention as applied to a. double rearwheel vehicle,as'used for example in buses trucks and showing the two rearmost sandcontainers of this form of apparatus. In ure means in the form of achute is indicated, by way of which sand may be poured into thecontainers from the outside of the vehicle.

Fig. 4 is a side view of the same vehicle. Fig. 3, showing the back andthe forward containers of one of the rear wheels and showing also chutesfor conveying the sand into the containers from the outside of thevehicle.

Fig. 5 shows a view in chute of Figs. 3 and 4.

Fig. 6 is a view, in perspective and partly perspective of the SerialNo. 567,161.

broken away, of the forward container of the rear wheelof Fig. 1.

Fig. 7is asimilar View of the forward container of Fig. 4.

Fig. 8 is a side view partly in section of as another form of sandcontainer which takes the form of a fender. I

Fig. 9 is a section taken along line 99 Fig. 8.

Fig. 10 is a side view showing thecontainer of Fig. 11 located over thefender.

Fig. 11 is a view in perspective of one section of a container shapedlike that of Fig. 8 and of similar construction.

Fig. 12 is a diagrammatic perspective View ofthe control levers for thevalves shown in Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, 6 and 7.

Fig. 13 shows means, partly in section for heating the containers. Thisview is more or less diagrammatic.

Fig. 14 is another form of the same means.

Referring more in detail to the drawings, in Fig. l I have indicated, onboth sides of the bus side seats 2 and 3 which extend over the rearwheels 4. Also on both sides of the bus I provide suitable containersfor sand. For example on the leftside as viewed from the rear of thevehicle I provide two containers 5 and 6. These containers are providedwith jackets? and 8 and with spacings behind the jackets through whichhot air may circulate as indicated by the arrows in Figs. 1, 2, and 6.The covering for these containers serves as a holder for the seat 2.Likewise the cover 10 'for the similar container's on the opposite sideserves as a holder for seat 11. Each container andits jacket isconstructed to form a sand unit, see for example unit A Fig. 6. units Aand B Fig. 1 and units B and C Fig. 2. These units are formed so thatthey may rest on the fenders, as the units A and B are shown to rest inFig. 1. Each of these containers is provided with a valve at the lowerend for controlling the flow of sand to the wheels. For example thecontainer 5 is provided with a valve 13 which is held normally closed bya spring 14. This valve is hinged on the upper side to the container bythe hinge 15, (see also 36 Fig. 3) which valve may be opened by means ofthe lever 16 that is hinged at its upper end to the jacket 7 and whichhas a link 17 connecting it to the valve, so that by rotating the lever16 to the right, as for example by means of a foot controlled rod 18,the valve may be opened and the sand allowed to fall to the ground.\Vhen the rod 18 is released the spring 14 closes valve 13 and shuts offthe sand. It, will be seen that the lower portion of the jacket enclosesand protects the valve.

In order to maintain the sand warm and dry, hot air is allowed to enterthe jacket from the pipe 19, which air after circulating therein passesout via the nozzle 20 of the unit.

The result is that not only is the sand kept warm but the valve'a-nd theworking parts thereof are also kept warm and prevented from freezing incold weather. The valve per se is the subject of the co-pendingapplication Serial Number' 513,349 filed by Merle B. Isenburg andmyself. 1

The hot air may be suppliedto the pipe 19, Fig. 1, by means shown inFig. 13. This means comprises the exhaust line 21 from the engine thatdrives the ,vehicle. In this linea small turbine wheel 22 is located fordriving a fan 23, which fan in turn is located in the hot air line 24.This last line comprises a chamber 25 which surrounds the muffler 26 inthe exhaust line, and a jacket section 27 that surrounds a portion ofthe exhaust line. By this means the air in the line 24 is heated and theheated air is-blown forward by the fan 23 into the section 28 of the hotair line, which section is directly connected with the pipe 19 Fig. 1through which latter the hot air reaches the jacket 7 of the unit A.

This pipe 28 may have a branch leading to each sand unit of the vehiclebut I prefer to have a separate line similar to line 28, one for eachunit leading off from the chamber 25. This multiple arrangement of pipesfrom this chamber is indicated in Fig. 14. The arrows in the hot airline and in the jacket 7 indicate the path along which the circulationof hot air takes place.

Instead of the movementof the air being produced by the fan 23, such fanmay be omitted and an air pump, (which may be driven from the main shaftof the vehicle as shown in Fig. 8 of said co-pending application) maybesubstituted, from which pump a line may be connected to the left end ofthe jacket 27 Fig. 13.

If the bus has double wheels as indicated in Fig. 3, double sand units,such as the units D, E and F Figs. 3, 4 and 7, are substituted for thesingle type of Figs. 1, 2 and 5. The double units, like the single ones,are provided with sand containers, enclosed by j ackets. For example theunit D is provided with a sand container 29, which is double, enclosedby a jacket 30, the former being provided with two outlets and thelatter with two corresponding nozzles. This is more clearly shown inconnection with unit F, Fig. 3. Furthermore each outlet of the containeris provided with a valve similar to the one shown in Fig. 1. In Fig. 4the left valve of unit D is indicated and in Fig. 3 the right valve ofunit F is indicated. It will be un derstood that the valves for theoutlets of the containers are the samein all of the units A through F.

As indicated in Fig. 3, both the right and I left valves are controlledthrough the medium of a single rod 31, similar to rod 32, Fi 4, whichin'turn is similar to rod 18 F1 1. The rod 31 is connected to lever 33which latter controls both valves of the un1t F, through the medium ofthe link 34 and of the short rod 35, to each end of which rod a link 36,(only one of which is shown in Fig. 3 is provided that presses thecorrespon ing valve open against the valve spring when the said controlpedal is operated.

In Fig. 12 the pedal control for the single I I valve units of Figs. 1and 2 is indicated, one pedal 37 of, which controls the front valves andthe other pedal 38 controls the rear valves.

lVhen this mechanism is used in connection with the double valvearrangement, each'.

lever, such as lever 16, controls two valves, one on each side of thelever as indicated in Fig. 3 'where lever 33 corresponds .to lever 39 ofFig. 12.

In order to fill the containers of 1,

igs

the covers 9 and 10 must be raised but in 3, 4 and 5 I show means whichwill permit the sand being poured into the containers from the outsideof the vehicle. For this purpose the covers 40 and 41 are provided withchutes which terminate in openings in the side of the bus. For examplethe chute 42 terminates in an opening 43 in the side 44 of the bus. Thisopening is provided with a door 45 which is shaped to guide the sandinto the chute. provided with flanges 46 which serve to hold the door inplace when open. This door is provided with a spring catch 47, underwhich the upperedge of its door may be snapped and held to close themouth of the chute as indicated at the left side in Fig. 3.- A shield 48is provided over the mouth of the chute to prevent water from runninginto the container.

Referring to Figs. 6 and 7 it will be understood that the pipe 49corresponds to the pipe 19 and is for the same purpose.

On the inside the door is e Referring to Figs. 1 and 4 it will be seenany suitable means, as for example by an.

electric motor 50 or directly from the driving shaft. Also in connectionwith the valve spring 14, see Fig. 1, I provide an adjustable screw 51for regulating the tension of the spring.

In connection with each sand container I provide an electric signaldevice for indicating when the sand is low. -This device is under thecontrol of switch 52 and comprises a lamp signal 53 and is fullydescribed in said co-pending application.

Referring to Fig. 8 I show a jacketed sand container unit made in theform and to serve as a fender. This form may be annular as indicated inthis figure and in Fig. 11 or it may be concavo-convex as ordinarytenders for pleasure vehicles. This unit on the other hand may beprovided separate from the fender in which case the unit may be placedover the fender as indicated in Fig. 10. This unit comprises a casing 54within which are inclosed elliptical conduits 55 and 56 which serve asjackets through which hot air may circulate. These jackets may be closedat both ends, the air entering by way of a pipe 57 andleaving by way ofpipes 58, one such being provided at each lower end of the unit. Thisarrangement can be used with the heating means shown in Fig. 14 which,as will be seen by comparing Figs. 14 and 13, are similar in certainrespects, the main difference being that the branches 59 leading olffrom the chamber 60 (which latter corresponds to chamber 25) afterpassing through the jackets of the sand units join the exhaust line 61.It will be seen therefore that the pipe 57 of the unit of Fig. 11 may beconnected to one of the pipes 59 after the latter leaves the chamber 60and that pipe 58 may be connected to the pipe 59 which joins the exhaustline.

The other sand units of the vehicle are similarly connected betweenother branch pipes 59 and the exhaust. It will be seen therefore thatthe exhaust creates a suction in the chamber 60 and in theunitsconnected therewith which maintains the desired flow of hot airthrough the units. I am aware thatthe exhaust gases are in some casesused for directly heating certain forms of receptacles but sucharrangement has the disadvantage that the receptacles become filled withsoot.

It will be understood that each wheel of the vehicle may be providedwith either one or two of the sand units and that all of the valves maybe controlled through the medium of the pedals, rods and links indicatedin Fig. 12..

What I claim is 1. In a road vehicle, a unit comprising a sand containerand a jacket, an air passage between the jacket and the container, anengine for driving said vehicle having an exhaust line, an air heatercomprising a jacket about said line and having an air passage betweenthe jacket last mentioned, and said line, whereby air entering saidpassage at one end, while the engine is running, is heated by the timeit reaches the other end thereof, said other end being connected withthe air passage in said unit, said container having an outlet and avalve thereat, said jacket first mentioned having a nozzle enclosingsaid outlet and valve, the opening in the nozzle being located below andin proximity to said valve whereby when the valve is opened the sandwill fall through said nozzle and whereby the heated air will maintainthe valve and the nozzle warm, said nozzle being located to allow thesand to fall in the path of a wheel of the vehicle.

2. In a road vehicle, a unit comprising a sand container and a jacket,an air passage between the jacket and the container, an engine fordriving said vehicle having an exhaust line, an air heater comprising ajacket about said line and having an air passage between the jacket lastmentioned, and said line,

whereby air entering said passage at one end',

while the engine is running, is heated by the time it reaches the otherend thereof, said other end being connected with the air passage in saidunit, said container having an outlet and a valve thereat, said jacketfirst mentioned having a nozzle enclosing said outlet and valve, saidair passage in said unit being also connected with saidnozzle, theopening in the nozzle being located below and in proximity to said valvewhereby when the valve is opened the sand will fall through said nozzleand whereby the heated air will maintain the valve and the nozzle warmas it passes out of the nozzle, said nozzle being located to. allow thesand to fall in the path of a wheel of the vehicle. i

3. In a road vehicle, a unit comprising a sand container and a jacket,an air passage between the jacket and the container, an engine fordriving said vehicle having an exhaust line, an air heater comprising ajacket about said line" andhaving an air passage between the jacket lastmentioned, and said line, whereby air entering said passage at one end,while the engine is running, is heated by the time it reaches the otherend thereof,'said other end being connected with the air passage in saidunit, said container having an outlet and a valve thereat, said jacketfirst mentioned having a nozzle enclosing said outlet and valve, theopening in the nozzle being located below and in proximity to said valvewhereby when the valve is opened the sand. will fall through said nozzleand whereby the heated air will maintain the valve and the nozzle warm,said nozzle being located to allow the sand to fall in the path of awheel ofthe vehicle, and means for creating a differ'ence of pressurealong said air passages between the jacket last mentioned, and said 1line, whereby air entering said passage at line, whereby air one end,while the engine is running, is heated by the time it reaches the otherend thereof, said other end being connected with the air passage in saidunit, said container having an outlet and a valve thereat, said jacketfirst mentioned having a nozzle enclosing said outlet and valve, saidair passage in said unit being also connected with said nozzle, theopening in the nozzle being located below and in proximity to said valvewhereby when the valve is opened the sand will fall through said nozzleand whereby the heated air will maintain the valve and the nozzle warmas it passes out of the nozzle, said nozzle being located to allow thesand to fall in the path of a wheel of the vehicle, the exhaust pipe ofthe engine being connected, beyond said container, with reference tosaid heater with said air passage whereby a differenceof pressure iscreated along said air passage to cause the heated air to pass throughsaid unit.

5. In a road vehicle, a unit comprising a sand container and a jacket,an air passage between the jacket and the container, an engine fordriving'said vehicle having an exhaust line, an air heater comprising ajacket about said line and having an air passage between the jacket lastmentioned, and said. line, whereby air entering said passage at one end,

' while the engine is running, is heated by the time it reaches theother end thereof, said other end being connected with the air passagein said unit, said container having an outlet and a valve thereat, saidjacket viirst mentioned having a nozzle enclosing said outlet and valve,said air passage in said unit being also connected. with said nozzle,the opening in the nozzle being located below and in proximity to saidvalve whereby when the valve is opened the sand will fall through saidnozzle and whereby the heated air will maintain the valve and the nozzlewarm as it passes out of the nozzle, said nozzle being located to allowthe sand to fall in the path of a. wheel of the vehicle, and means forcreating a difference in pressure along said air passage to cause theheated air to pass through said unit, said means comprising also aturbine in the exhaust line of the engine and a fan in the passage ofthe heated air.

6. In a road vehicle, a unit comprising a sand container and a jacketwith an air chamber adjoining said sand container and independent of thesand chamber in the container whereby the sand may be heated by passinghot air through said chamber, said unit being in the form of a fender.

7. In a road vehicle, a unit comprising a sand container and a jacket,an air passage between the jacket and the container, an engine fordriving said vehicle having an exhaust line, an air heater comprising aacke't about said line and. having an air passage between the jacketlast mentioned, and said entering said passage at one end, while theengine is running, is heated by the time it reaches the other endthereof, said other end being connected with the air passage in saidunit, said container having an outlet and a valve thcreat, said jacketfirst mentioned having a nozzle enclosing said outlet and valve, theopening in the nozzle being located belowand in proximity to said valvewhereby when the valve is opened the sand will fall through said nozzleand whereby the heated air will maintain the valve and the nozzle warm,said nozzle being located to allow the sand to all in the path of awheel of the vehicle, the under side of said unit conforming to the formof a lender whereby the unit may be located over a wheel of saidvehicle.

8. In a road vehicle, a unit comprising a. sand container and a jacket,an air passage between the jacket and the container, an engine fordriving said vehicle having an exhaust line, an air heater comprising ajacket about said line and'having an air passage between the jacket lastmentioned, and said line, whereby air entering said passage at one end,while the engine is running, is heated bythe'time it reaches the otherend thereof, said other end being connected with the air passage in saidunit, said container having an outlet and a. valve thereat, said acketfirst mentioned having a nozzle enclosing said outlet and valve, theopening in the'nozzle being located below and in proximity to said.valve whereby when the valve is opened the sand will fall through saidnozzle and whereby the heated air will maintain the valve and the nozzlewarm, said nozzle being located to allow the sand to fall in the path ofa wheel of the vehicle, each wheel of said vehicle being provided withtwo of said units, one on the front side of each wheel and oneon therear side thereof and pedal means for operating the valves of half ofsaid units and d n jilicate pedal means for operating the valves of theother half of. said units.

ANDREW T. COWAN.

